509 BC
Overthrow of the monarchy and establishing of the Republic
Two praetors assume the king’s executive function: Lucius Junius Brutus & Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus elected to the consul’s office. They’re the first two consuls of the Roman Republic. They are elected by an assembly of Roman citizens (the Comitia Curiata), to a one-year term of office. Each consul has imperium (from the Latin infinitive imperare, meaning to command) derived from the Comitia Curiata. Each consul has the power of veto over the actions of the other. Both consuls are also de facto military leaders of the Roman army. The power of veto and the office time limit are checks and balances meant to rectify some of the abuses of regal power.
Titus Livius. The History of Rome Books I-8. Translated by D. Spillan. London. HENRY G. BOHN, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. MDCCCLIII. JOHN CHILDS AND SON, BUNGAY. Project Gutenburg. Release Date: November 6, 2006. [EBook #19725] Pages 67.