449-443 BC

Lex Valeria Horatia Passed

Named after the consuls Lucius Valerius Potitus and Marcus Horatius Barbatus, Patricians sympathetic to the Plebeian cause, introduced laws demanded by the Plebeians during their secession:

Lex Valeria Horatia de plebiscitis made binding on all of Roman society resolutions passed by the Plebeian Council. This council could be convened and presided over by Plebeian Tribunes.

Lex Valeria Horatia de provocatione restored the right of appeal to the people (provocatio ad populum). A citizen could appeal to the people against a judgement by any Roman magistrate. This law also prohibited the creation of any office through which a magistrate’s rulings were not subject to appeal. Anyone attempting to create such an office would be condemned to death.

Lex Valeria Horatia de tribunicia potestate restored the power and inviolability (sacrosanctity under sacred law) of the tribunes or the Aediles who assisted them. Anyone committing such an act (interfered with or laid hands on the person of a Tribune or Aedile executing a Tribune’s will) would be considered sacer, one who violated the gods and well as the person in question, and was subject to the death penalty with his property and the property of his family subject to confiscation.

The Oxford Classical Dictionary. Second Edition. (Editors: NGL Hammond and HH Scullard. Oxford University Press. 1970), Page 1105.

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